Bletchley

7 operations. Call any of them with cyberchef_bake, or pre-load them with CYBERCHEF_TOOL_SURFACE=all.

Bombe

Emulation of the Bombe machine used at Bletchley Park to attack Enigma, based on work by Polish and British cryptanalysts.To run this you need to have a ‘crib’, which is some known plaintext for a chunk of the target ciphertext, and know the rotors used. (See the ‘Bombe (multiple runs)’ operation if you don’t know the rotors.) The machine will suggest possible configurations of the Enigma. Each suggestion has the rotor start positions (left to right) and known plugboard pairs.Choosing a crib: First, note that Enigma cannot encrypt a letter to itself, which allows you to rule out some positions for possible cribs. Secondly, the Bombe does not simulate the Enigma’s middle rotor stepping. The longer your crib, the more likely a step happened within it, which will prevent the attack working. However, other than that, longer cribs are generally better. The attack produces a ‘menu’ which maps ciphertext letters to plaintext, and the goal is to produce ‘loops’: for example, with ciphertext ABC and crib CAB, we have the mappings A<->C, B<->A, and C<->B, which produces a loop A-B-C-A. The more loops, the better the crib. The operation will output this: if your menu has too few loops or is too short, a large number of incorrect outputs will usually be produced. Try a different crib. If the menu seems good but the right answer isn’t produced, your crib may be wrong, or you may have overlapped the middle rotor stepping - try a different crib.Output is not sufficient to fully decrypt the data. You will have to recover the rest of the plugboard settings by inspection. And the ring position is not taken into account: this affects when the middle rotor steps. If your output is correct for a bit, and then goes wrong, adjust the ring and start position on the right-hand rotor together until the output improves. If necessary, repeat for the middle rotor.By default this operation runs the checking machine, a manual process to verify the quality of Bombe stops, on each stop, discarding stops which fail. If you want to see how many times the hardware actually stops for a given input, disable the checking machine.More detailed descriptions of the Enigma, Typex and Bombe operations can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_bombe
• Input / output: string → html

Argument	Type	Default
model	argSelector	3-rotor
left_most_4th_rotor	editableOption	LEYJVCNIXWPBQMDRTAKZGFUHOS
left_hand_rotor	editableOption	EKMFLGDQVZNTOWYHXUSPAIBRCJ<R
middle_rotor	editableOption	AJDKSIRUXBLHWTMCQGZNPYFVOE<F
right_hand_rotor	editableOption	BDFHJLCPRTXVZNYEIWGAKMUSQO<W
reflector	editableOption	AY BR CU DH EQ FS GL IP JX KN MO TZ VW
crib	string	—
crib_offset	number	0
use_checking_machine	boolean	true

Colossus

Colossus is the name of the world’s first electronic computer. Ten Colossi were designed by Tommy Flowers and built at the Post Office Research Labs at Dollis Hill in 1943 during World War 2. They assisted with the breaking of the German Lorenz cipher attachment, a machine created to encipher communications between Hitler and his generals on the front lines.To learn more, Virtual Colossus, an online, browser based simulation of a Colossus computer is available at virtualcolossus.co.uk.A more detailed description of this operation can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_colossus
• Input / output: string → html

Argument	Type	Default
input_arg	label	—
pattern	option	KH Pattern
qbusz	option	—
qbus	option	—
qbus	option	—
limitation	option	None
k_rack_option	argSelector	Select Program
program_to_run	option	—
k_rack_conditional	label	—
r1_q1	editableOptionShort	—
r1_q2	editableOptionShort	—
r1_q3	editableOptionShort	—
r1_q4	editableOptionShort	—
r1_q5	editableOptionShort	—
r1_negate	boolean	false
r1_counter	option	—
r2_q1	editableOptionShort	—
r2_q2	editableOptionShort	—
r2_q3	editableOptionShort	—
r2_q4	editableOptionShort	—
r2_q5	editableOptionShort	—
r2_negate	boolean	false
r2_counter	option	—
r3_q1	editableOptionShort	—
r3_q2	editableOptionShort	—
r3_q3	editableOptionShort	—
r3_q4	editableOptionShort	—
r3_q5	editableOptionShort	—
r3_negate	boolean	false
r3_counter	option	—
negate_all	boolean	false
k_rack_addition	label	—
add_q1	boolean	false
add_q2	boolean	false
add_q3	boolean	false
add_q4	boolean	false
add_q5	boolean	false
add_equals	editableOptionShort	—
add_counter1	boolean	false
add_negate_all	boolean	false
total_motor	editableOptionShort	—
master_control_panel	label	—
set_total	number	0
fast_step	option	—
slow_step	option	—
start_1	number	1
start_2	number	1
start_3	number	1
start_4	number	1
start_5	number	1
start_m61	number	1
start_m37	number	1
start_1	number	1
start_2	number	1
start_3	number	1
start_4	number	1
start_5	number	1

Enigma

Encipher/decipher with the WW2 Enigma machine.Enigma was used by the German military, among others, around the WW2 era as a portable cipher machine to protect sensitive military, diplomatic and commercial communications.The standard set of German military rotors and reflectors are provided. To configure the plugboard, enter a string of connected pairs of letters, e.g. AB CD EF connects A to B, C to D, and E to F. This is also used to create your own reflectors. To create your own rotor, enter the letters that the rotor maps A to Z to, in order, optionally followed by < then a list of stepping points.This is deliberately fairly permissive with rotor placements etc compared to a real Enigma (on which, for example, a four-rotor Enigma uses only the thin reflectors and the beta or gamma rotor in the 4th slot).More detailed descriptions of the Enigma, Typex and Bombe operations can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_enigma
• Input / output: string → string

Argument	Type	Default
model	argSelector	3-rotor
left_most_4th_rotor	editableOption	LEYJVCNIXWPBQMDRTAKZGFUHOS
left_most_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
left_most_rotor_initial_value	option	A
left_hand_rotor	editableOption	EKMFLGDQVZNTOWYHXUSPAIBRCJ<R
left_hand_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
left_hand_rotor_initial_value	option	A
middle_rotor	editableOption	AJDKSIRUXBLHWTMCQGZNPYFVOE<F
middle_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
middle_rotor_initial_value	option	A
right_hand_rotor	editableOption	BDFHJLCPRTXVZNYEIWGAKMUSQO<W
right_hand_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
right_hand_rotor_initial_value	option	A
reflector	editableOption	AY BR CU DH EQ FS GL IP JX KN MO TZ VW
plugboard	string	—
strict_output	boolean	true

Lorenz

The Lorenz SZ40/42 cipher attachment was a WW2 German rotor cipher machine with twelve rotors which attached in-line between remote teleprinters.It used the Vernam cipher with two groups of five rotors (named the psi(ψ) wheels and chi(χ) wheels at Bletchley Park) to create two pseudorandom streams of five bits, encoded in ITA2, which were XOR added to the plaintext. Two other rotors, dubbed the mu(μ) or motor wheels, could hold up the stepping of the psi wheels meaning they stepped intermittently.Each rotor has a different number of cams/lugs around their circumference which could be set active or inactive changing the key stream.Three models of the Lorenz are emulated, SZ40, SZ42a and SZ42b and three example wheel patterns (the lug settings) are included (KH, ZMUG & BREAM) with the option to set a custom set using the letter ‘x’ for active or ‘.’ for an inactive lug.The input can either be plaintext or ITA2 when sending and ITA2 when receiving.To learn more, Virtual Lorenz, an online, browser based simulation of the Lorenz SZ40/42 is available at lorenz.virtualcolossus.co.uk.A more detailed description of this operation can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_lorenz
• Input / output: string → string

Argument	Type	Default
model	option	SZ40
wheel_pattern	argSelector	KH Pattern
kt_schalter	boolean	false
mode	argSelector	Send
input_type	option	Plaintext
output_type	option	Plaintext
ita2_format	option	5/8/9
1_start_1_43	number	1
2_start_1_47	number	1
3_start_1_51	number	1
4_start_1_53	number	1
5_start_1_59	number	1
37_start_1_37	number	1
61_start_1_61	number	1
1_start_1_41	number	1
2_start_1_31	number	1
3_start_1_29	number	1
4_start_1_26	number	1
5_start_1_23	number	1
1_lugs_43	string	.x...xx.x.x..xxx.x.x.xxxx.x.x.x.x.x..x.xx.x
2_lugs_47	string	.xx.x.xxx..x.x.x..x.xx.x.xxx.x....x.xx.x.x.x..x
3_lugs_51	string	.x.x.x..xxx....x.x.xx.x.x.x..xxx.x.x..x.x.xx..x.
4_lugs_53	string	.xx...xxxxx.x.x.xx...x.xx.x.x..x.x.xx.x..x.x.x.x
5_lugs_59	string	xx...xx.x..x.xx.x...x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x.xx..xxxx.x.x
37_lugs_37	string	x.x.x.x.x.x...x.x.x...x.x.x...x.x....
61_lugs_61	string	.xxxx.xxxx.xxx.xxxx.xx....xxx.xxxx.xxxx.xxxx.xxx
1_lugs_41	string	.x...xxx.x.xxxx.x...x.x..xxx....xx.xxxx..
2_lugs_31	string	x..xxx...x.xxxx..xx..x..xx.xx..
3_lugs_29	string	..xx..x.xxx...xx...xx..xx.xx.
4_lugs_26	string	xx..x..xxxx..xx.xxx....x..
5_lugs_23	string	xx..xx....xxxx.x..x.x..

Multiple Bombe

Emulation of the Bombe machine used to attack Enigma. This version carries out multiple Bombe runs to handle unknown rotor configurations.You should test your menu on the single Bombe operation before running it here. See the description of the Bombe operation for instructions on choosing a crib.More detailed descriptions of the Enigma, Typex and Bombe operations can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_multiple_bombe
• Input / output: string → html

Argument	Type	Default
standard_enigmas	populateMultiOption	["EKMFLGDQVZNTOWYHXUSPAIBRCJ<R\nAJDKSIRUXBLHW
main_rotors	text	—
4th_rotor	text	—
reflectors	text	—
crib	string	—
crib_offset	number	0
use_checking_machine	boolean	true

SIGABA

Encipher/decipher with the WW2 SIGABA machine. SIGABA, otherwise known as ECM Mark II, was used by the United States for message encryption during WW2 up to the 1950s. It was developed in the 1930s by the US Army and Navy, and has up to this day never been broken. Consisting of 15 rotors: 5 cipher rotors and 10 rotors (5 control rotors and 5 index rotors) controlling the stepping of the cipher rotors, the rotor stepping for SIGABA is much more complex than other rotor machines of its time, such as Enigma. All example rotor wirings are random example sets.To configure rotor wirings, for the cipher and control rotors enter a string of letters which map from A to Z, and for the index rotors enter a sequence of numbers which map from 0 to 9. Note that encryption is not the same as decryption, so first choose the desired mode. Note: Whilst this has been tested against other software emulators, it has not been tested against hardware.

• Tool name: cyberchef_sigaba
• Input / output: string → string

Argument	Type	Default
1st_left_hand_cipher_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
1st_cipher_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
1st_cipher_rotor_initial_value	option	A
2nd_cipher_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
2nd_cipher_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
2nd_cipher_rotor_initial_value	option	A
3rd_middle_cipher_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
3rd_cipher_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
3rd_cipher_rotor_initial_value	option	A
4th_cipher_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
4th_cipher_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
4th_cipher_rotor_initial_value	option	A
5th_right_hand_cipher_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
5th_cipher_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
5th_cipher_rotor_initial_value	option	A
1st_left_hand_control_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
1st_control_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
1st_control_rotor_initial_value	option	A
2nd_control_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
2nd_control_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
2nd_control_rotor_initial_value	option	A
3rd_middle_control_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
3rd_control_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
3rd_control_rotor_initial_value	option	A
4th_control_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
4th_control_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
4th_control_rotor_initial_value	option	A
5th_right_hand_control_rotor	editableOption	SRGWANHPJZFXVIDQCEUKBYOLMT
5th_control_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
5th_control_rotor_initial_value	option	A
1st_left_hand_index_rotor	editableOption	6201348957
1st_index_rotor_initial_value	option	0
2nd_index_rotor	editableOption	6201348957
2nd_index_rotor_initial_value	option	0
3rd_middle_index_rotor	editableOption	6201348957
3rd_index_rotor_initial_value	option	0
4th_index_rotor	editableOption	6201348957
4th_index_rotor_initial_value	option	0
5th_right_hand_index_rotor	editableOption	6201348957
5th_index_rotor_initial_value	option	0
sigaba_mode	option	Encrypt

Typex

Encipher/decipher with the WW2 Typex machine.Typex was originally built by the British Royal Air Force prior to WW2, and is based on the Enigma machine with some improvements made, including using five rotors with more stepping points and interchangeable wiring cores. It was used across the British and Commonwealth militaries. A number of later variants were produced; here we simulate a WW2 era Mark 22 Typex with plugboards for the reflector and input. Typex rotors were changed regularly and none are public: a random example set are provided.To configure the reflector plugboard, enter a string of connected pairs of letters in the reflector box, e.g. AB CD EF connects A to B, C to D, and E to F (you’ll need to connect every letter). There is also an input plugboard: unlike Enigma’s plugboard, it’s not restricted to pairs, so it’s entered like a rotor (without stepping). To create your own rotor, enter the letters that the rotor maps A to Z to, in order, optionally followed by < then a list of stepping points.More detailed descriptions of the Enigma, Typex and Bombe operations can be found here.

• Tool name: cyberchef_typex
• Input / output: string → string

Argument	Type	Default
1st_left_hand_rotor	editableOption	MCYLPQUVRXGSAOWNBJEZDTFKHI<BFHNQUW
1st_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
1st_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
1st_rotor_initial_value	option	A
2nd_rotor	editableOption	KHWENRCBISXJQGOFMAPVYZDLTU<BFHNQUW
2nd_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
2nd_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
2nd_rotor_initial_value	option	A
3rd_middle_rotor	editableOption	BYPDZMGIKQCUSATREHOJNLFWXV<BFHNQUW
3rd_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
3rd_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
3rd_rotor_initial_value	option	A
4th_static_rotor	editableOption	ZANJCGDLVHIXOBRPMSWQUKFYET<BFHNQUW
4th_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
4th_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
4th_rotor_initial_value	option	A
5th_right_hand_static_rotor	editableOption	QXBGUTOVFCZPJIHSWERYNDAMLK<BFHNQUW
5th_rotor_reversed	boolean	false
5th_rotor_ring_setting	option	A
5th_rotor_initial_value	option	A
reflector	editableOption	AN BC FG IE KD LU MH OR TS VZ WQ XJ YP
plugboard	string	—
typex_keyboard_emulation	option	None
strict_output	boolean	true